Avacopan is a medication used in the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases, particularly antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis.Avacopan is a small molecule antagonist of the C5a receptor (C5aR). Structurally, it belongs to the class of cyclopeptides. Chemically, avacopan is N-[(1S,2R)-2-[5-(2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(2-fluoro-6-[trifluoromethyl]benzoyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-[2,4-dioxo-6-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl]ethyl]-4-[2-methoxy-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl]benzamide. This unique chemical structure allows avacopan to selectively block the activation of the C5a receptor, thereby inhibiting the inflammatory response associated with autoimmune diseases.Avacopan is indicated for the treatment of adults with ANCA-associated vasculitis (granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis) in combination with standard immunosuppressive therapy. ANCA-associated vasculitis is a type of autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and damage to small blood vessels, leading to organ damage and dysfunction.
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